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  3. Black Mamba

One of the 2 mambas on WAnimals

Black Mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis)

Reptiles · Squamata · Elapidae

Black Mamba

Dendroaspis polylepis

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

Despite its name it is not black: the name comes from the inside of its mouth, an ink-black colour it shows as a warning before it strikes.

Weight

30.8 kg on average

Size

2 m – 3 m

Life expectancy

11 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Savanna
43countries55parks17same family

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It is one of the fastest land snakes in the world, capable of short bursts of up to 20 km/h.
  • It eats small mammals such as rodents and hyraxes, and birds.
  • It is the longest venomous snake in Africa, with a documented record of 4.5 metres.
  • defensaDespite its name it is not black outside but inside the mouth, which it displays when threatened as a visual warning before striking.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (reptile)
Habitat and environment
Savannah, open woodland and rocky hills of sub-Saharan Africa
Birth weight
40-60 cm long at birth, its venom glands already fully working
Size at birth
40 - 60 cm long at birth
Sexual maturity
2-5 years
Gestation / incubation
60-90 days
Litter / clutch size
6 to 25 eggs per clutch (10-17 usually given)
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of up to 26.2 years in captivity

Sources consulted: AnAge (genomics.senescence.info) · Animal Spot · Animal Diversity Web · Animal Kingdom · A-Z Animals · Saint Louis Zoo · PMC (envenomation case report)

Where to find it

Best time: All year round in savannah and rocky country of eastern and southern Africa, by day; it shelters in termite mounds, tree hollows and abandoned burrows.

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 55.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Black Mamba — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Shares a park

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about black mamba.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the black mamba.
See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Serengeti National ParkTanzania
Maasai Mara National ReserveKenya
Kruger National ParkSouth Africa
NgorongoroTanzania
AmboseliKenya
TsavoKenya
Lake NakuruKenya
KgalagadiSouth Africa
Moremi (Okavango Delta)Botswana
ChobeBotswana
See all 55 parks
Least Concern

Black-necked Spitting Cobra

Naja nigricollis

Mozambique Spitting CobraLeast Concern

Mozambique Spitting Cobra

Naja mossambica

Egyptian CobraLeast Concern

Egyptian Cobra

Naja haje

Cape CobraLeast Concern

Cape Cobra

Naja nivea

Green MambaLeast Concern

Green Mamba

Dendroaspis angusticeps

Least Concern

Helmeted Turtle

Pelomedusa subrufa

CountriesTanzania
ParksSerengeti National ParkTanzania
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Diurnal
Solitary
Reptile
Savannah
Tanzania
Kenya
Ethiopia
South Africa
Botswana
Mozambique
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Côte d’Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Eswatini
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe