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One of the 3 jackals on WAnimals

African Jackals (Lupulella mesomelas)

Mammals · Carnivora · Canidae

African Jackals

Lupulella mesomelas

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

It is a very ancient canid, little changed since the Pleistocene, and forms stable monogamous pairs in which both parents take an active part in raising the pups.

Weight

6 kg – 12 kg

Size

45 cm – 95 cm

Life expectancy

8 years

Diet

Omnivore

Combines animal and plant food depending on availability.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

In pairs

Usually lives in pairs, sometimes for life.

SavannaDesert
43countries17parks34same family1featured routes

AI-generated images: illustrations, not photographs.

Fun facts

  • It lives in two populations some 900 km apart, in eastern and southern Africa.
  • It feeds on small mammals, birds, insects, fruit and carrion.
  • Commonly only 1 to 3 of the pups born in a litter survive.
  • comportamientoIt is monogamous, and both parents — helped by young from earlier litters — share the rearing and the defence of the family territory.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (mammal)
Habitat and environment
Savanna, scrub and semi-desert country of eastern and southern Africa, in two populations some 900 km apart
Birth weight
Born blind and helpless in an underground den
Size at birth
Born blind and helpless
Sexual maturity
11 months
Gestation / incubation
~60 days
Litter / clutch size
1 to 6 pups per litter (4 on average, though commonly only 1-3 survive)
Life expectancy in captivity
Documented record of up to 14 years

Sources consulted: Wikidata · Wikipedia (Black-backed jackal) · Animal Diversity Web · Animalia.bio · Britannica · The Animal Files · PMC (rabies vaccine study) · PMC (Babesia rossi natural hosts study)

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 17.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with African Jackals — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about african jackals.

Share an experience, a fun fact or a tip for seeing the african jackals.
See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Serengeti National ParkTanzania
Maasai Mara National ReserveKenya
NgorongoroTanzania
AmboseliKenya
KgalagadiSouth Africa
EtoshaNamibia
Namib-NaukluftNamibia
Fish River CanyonNamibia
Skeleton CoastNamibia
Golden Gate HighlandsSouth Africa
See all 17 parks
African Golden WolfLeast Concern

African Golden Wolf

Canis anthus

Bat-eared FoxLeast Concern

Bat-eared Fox

Otocyon megalotis

African Wild DogEndangered

African Wild Dog

Lycaon pictus

Least Concern

Side-striped Jackal

Canis adustus

Least Concern

Fennec Fox

Vulpes zerda

Golden JackalLeast Concern

Golden Jackal

Canis aureus

CountriesSouth Africa
ParksSerengeti National ParkTanzania
TagsOmnivore
Omnivore
Nocturnal
In pairs
Savanna
Desert
Mammal
South Africa
Namibia
Botswana
Kenya
Tanzania
Angola
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Côte d’Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Eswatini
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Republic of the Congo
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Tanzania
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe