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  3. Thornback Ray

One of the 6 rays on WAnimals

Cartilaginous fish · Rajiformes · Rajidae

Thornback Ray

Raja clavata

Near Threatened

It could become threatened in the near future if current threats go unchecked.

Spotted something wrong?

The thornback ray is a species of fish of the family Rajidae in the order Rajiformes. Males can reach 105 cm in total length and females 120. It feeds on benthic animals, preferably crustaceans. Among its predators is Chelidonichthys gurnardus.

Weight

2 kg – 18 kg

Size

60 cm – 1.4 m

Life expectancy

15 years

Diet

Carnivore

Feeds mainly on other animals.

Activity

Nocturnal

Active mainly at night.

Social structure

Solitary

Lives and hunts alone, joining others only to breed.

Sighting difficulty

Moderate

Ocean
49countries46parks83dive sites1same family

Fun facts

  • Its egg capsules, rectangular and with four horns, are the commonest mermaid's purses on European beaches, and there are citizen science schemes in several countries that ask beachgoers to collect and photograph them in order to map where the rays breed.
  • The spines on its back have a broad, rounded base, like the head of a nail, and they are its main distinguishing feature among the European rays.
  • It detects prey buried in the sand through the ampullae of Lorenzini, gel-filled pores that pick up the electric fields generated by the muscles of any living animal.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - cartilaginous skeleton (fish)
Habitat and environment
Coastal sandy and muddy bottoms of the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, down to 300 metres
Sexual maturity
10 years
Gestation / incubation
5 months of egg incubation
Litter / clutch size
142

Sources consulted: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raja_clavata

Where to find it

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 20 of 129.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with Thornback Ray — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

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Based on what we already know about thornback ray.

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See full glossary
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The pins mark the parks and dive sites where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
CalanquesFrance
Cinque TerreItaly
Alonissos and the Northern SporadesGreece
Banc d'ArguinMauritania
Wadden Sea National ParkDenmark
Majjistral ParkMalta
Wadden SeaGermany
Port-CrosFrance
Pembrokeshire CoastUnited Kingdom
NorthumberlandUnited Kingdom
Scapa FlowUnited Kingdom
Zenobia WreckCyprus
Medes IslandsSpain
Cap de CreusSpain
El Hierro / La RestingaSpain
Museo Atlántico (Lanzarote)Spain
Zakynthos (loggerhead turtle)Greece
Kastellorizo (Blue Cave)Greece
Malta (Blue Hole Gozo / Um El Faroud)Malta
Tavolara (Sardinia)Italy
See all 46 parks
See all 83 dive sites
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CountriesItaly
ParksCalanquesFrance
TagsCarnivore
Carnivore
Nocturnal
Solitary
Near Threatened
Fish
Ocean

Europe30

Africa10

Asia6

North America3

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