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  3. European Goldfinch

One of the 2 goldfinches on WAnimals

Birds · Passeriformes · Fringillidae

European Goldfinch

Carduelis carduelis

Least Concern

The species is abundant and widely distributed; it faces no significant short-term risk.

Spotted something wrong?

A small finch with an unmistakable tricoloured head: a red face mask, a black crown and sides and white elsewhere. Its black wings carry a broad yellow band visible both perched and in flight. The bill, long, conical and sharp, is adapted to extracting thistle seeds from between the spines.

Weight

14 g – 19 g

Size

11 cm – 13.5 cm

Life expectancy

3 years

Diet

Herbivore

Feeds mainly on plants.

Activity

Diurnal

Active mainly during the day.

Sighting difficulty

Easy

Estimated population

The Spanish population is estimated at between 14 and 15.5 million individuals in the Third Atlas, with half of it spread across Andalusia, Castilla-La Mancha and Castile and León

72countries229parks13same family

Fun facts

  • It was chosen SEO/BirdLife's Bird of the Year 2026 by public vote, ahead of the Eurasian skylark and the European shag.
  • Its song has earned it centuries of illegal trapping for the cage-bird trade, now regulated by European legislation; it remains one of its main threats.
  • Antonio Vivaldi dedicated a flute concerto to it, "Il Cardellino" (RV 428), in which the soloist repeatedly imitates its song.

Life cycle and biology

Skeleton type
Vertebrate - internal bony skeleton (bird)
Habitat and environment
Farmed landscapes and open country with trees: olive groves, dehesas, river plains, orchards, field margins, parks and gardens. Its liking for thistles and knapweeds explains its abundance in river plains and olive groves. Rarely above 1,800 m
Gestation / incubation
12-14 days, by the female alone, whom the male feeds at the nest
Litter / clutch size
4-6 white or slightly bluish eggs with irregular speckles; usually two clutches a year, rarely three
Life expectancy in captivity
7 - 10 years

Sources consulted: SEO/BirdLife (ficha y III Atlas de las aves en época de reproducción en España); IUCN Red List; Asturnatura; SEO/BirdLife, Ave del Año 2026; Carrascal y Palomino 2008; Purroy 1997, I Atlas

Where to find it

Best time: All year round; in winter it forms mixed flocks with other finches and is easier to see

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Where to see it

Parks and dive sites where this species has been documented — showing 10 of 229.

Related species

Other species in the catalogue with the most in common with European Goldfinch — same habitat, park, country, tags or family.

Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family
Same taxonomic family

Keep exploring

Based on what we already know about european goldfinch.

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See full glossary
This page in other languages: Español · Deutsch · Français · Português · Italiano

The pins mark the parks where its presence is documented.

See its range on the interactive map→
Doñana National ParkSpain
Lake DistrictUnited Kingdom
CairngormsUnited Kingdom
Snowdonia (Eryri)United Kingdom
KillarneyIreland
Gran ParadisoItaly
VanoiseFrance
Hohe TauernAustria
BerchtesgadenGermany
Stelvio (Stilfserjoch)Italy
See all 229 parks
Trumpeter FinchLeast Concern

Trumpeter Finch

Bucanetes githagineus

Least Concern

European Serin

Serinus serinus

Least Concern

Red Crossbill

Loxia curvirostra

Least Concern

Common Linnet

Linaria cannabina

Least Concern

Eurasian Siskin

Spinus spinus

Least Concern

Scottish Crossbill

Loxia scotica

CountriesSpain
ParksDoñana National ParkSpain
TagsHerbivore
Herbivore
Diurnal
Bird

Europe45

Asia14

Africa6

South America4

Oceania2

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